I-Myopia, ebizwa nangokuthi ukubona eduze, iyisimo sokubona okubonakalayo esibonakala ngokubona okufiphele lapho ubuka izinto ezikude, kuyilapho ukubona eduze kuhlala kucacile. Njengenye yezinkinga zokubona ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, i-myopia ithinta abantu babo bonke ubudala. Ukwanda kwayo kuyanda, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abasebasha, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda izimbangela zayo eziyisisekelo, imiphumela engaba khona, kanye namasu okuvimbela asebenzayo.
1. Kuyini i-Myopia?
I-Myopia, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukubona eduze, iyiphutha lokubona lapho inhlamvu yeso ide khona noma i-cornea igobile kakhulu. Lokhu kushintshashintsha kokwakheka komzimba kubangela ukukhanya okungenayo ukuthi kugxile phambi kwe-retina kunokuba kugxile ngqo kuyo, okuholela ekuboneni okufiphele kwezinto ezikude.
I-Myopia ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinga lephutha lokubona izinto ezingabonakali:
1) I-Myopia Ephansi:Uhlobo oluncane lokubona eduze olunemithi engaphansi kwama-diopters angu-3.00.
2) I-Myopia Ephakathi:Izinga eliphakathi le-myopia lapho umuthi kadokotela usukela phakathi kwama-diopters angu-3.00 kuya kwangu-6.00.
3) I-Myopia Ephakeme:Uhlobo olubi lwe-myopia olune-diopters engaphezu kuka-6.00 kadokotela, oluvame ukuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu zamehlo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, i-glaucoma, noma i-myopic macular degeneration.
2. Izimbangela ze-Myopia
I-Myopia yisimo esibangelwa yizinto eziningi ezithinta ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuchayeka endaweni ezungezile, kanye nokuziphatha kwendlela yokuphila. Izici ezibalulekile ezibangela lokhu zichazwe ngezansi:
Izici Zofuzo
Umlando womndeni we-myopia wandisa kakhulu amathuba omuntu okuthola lesi simo. Izingane ezinomzali oyedwa noma bobabili abathintekile yi-myopia zisengozini enkulu kakhulu yokubhekana naleli phutha lokungalali kahle, okugcizelela ingxenye enamandla yefa yalesi sifo.
Izici Zemvelo
1) Isikhathi Eside Sokusebenza:Ukuzibandakanya okuqhubekayo emisebenzini edinga ukugxila eduze, njengokufunda, ukubhala, noma ukusebenzisa amadivayisi edijithali isikhathi eside, kucindezela amehlo kakhulu futhi kubonwe njengesici esiyinhloko sengozi yemvelo ye-myopia.
2) Ukungachayeki Kahle Ngaphandle:Isikhathi esilinganiselwe esichithwa ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwemvelo okwanele, sihlobene kakhulu nokwanda kwesifo se-myopia, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwemvelo kukholakala ukuthi kudlala indima yokuvikela ekulawuleni ukukhula kwamehlo nokuvimbela ukunwebeka ngokweqile kwe-axial.
Imikhuba Yokuphila
Izindlela zokuphila zesimanje ezibonakala ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside esikrinini, ukunciphisa umsebenzi womzimba, kanye nesikhathi esincane esichithwa ngaphandle zinegalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqhubekeni kwe-myopia. Lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zikhulisa ukucindezeleka kokubona futhi zikhuthaza izimo ezingezinhle zokugcina impilo yamehlo isezingeni eliphezulu.
3. Izimpawu ze-Myopia
Izimpawu ze-myopia zivame ukuhlanganisa:
1) Umbono Ongacacile Uma Ukude:Ubunzima bokubona izinto ngokucacile zikude ngenkathi ukubona eduze akukathinteki.
2) Ukuhlikihla amehlo njalo noma ukukhandleka kwamehlo:Ukuthambekela kokufiphaza amehlo ngomzamo wokuthuthukisa ukugxila ezintweni ezikude, noma ukuzwa ukukhathala kwamehlo ngenxa yemisebenzi yokubona ende.
3) Ubuhlungu bekhanda:Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nokugxila ezintweni ezikude isikhathi eside.
4) Ukusondela Okukhulisiwe Kwemisebenzi Ebonakalayo:Isidingo sokuhlala eduze kwethelevishini noma ukubamba izinto zokufunda ngebanga elifushane ukuze ubone kahle.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nizwa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele kuchwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo oqeqeshiwe ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nezinyathelo ezifanele zokulungisa.
4. Umthelela we-Myopia
I-Myopia ingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila, ikakhulukazi uma ingalungiswanga. Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokubona okufiphele, i-myopia ephezulu ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo yamehlo, okuhlanganisa:
1) Ukuhlukaniswa Kwe-Retinal:I-retina ingase isuke ngemuva kweso, okubangela ukulahlekelwa umbono uma ingelashwa ngokushesha.
2) I-Glaucoma:Umfutho ophezulu wamehlo emehlweni angaboni kahle kwandisa ingozi yokulimala kwemizwa yamehlo.
3) Ukonakala kwe-Myopic Macular:Ukwelula isikhathi eside kwe-retina kungaholela ekulimaleni kwe-macular kanye nokukhubazeka kokubona.
5. Ukuvimbela Nokuphatha I-Myopia
Nakuba ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo ku-myopia kungenakushintshwa, amasu ahlukahlukene asekelwe ebufakazini angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqala kwayo noma ukubambezela ukuqhubeka kwayo. Lezi zindlela zigxile ekushintsheni indlela yokuphila, ukulungiswa kwemvelo, kanye nokutholakala kusenesikhathi:
1) Khulisa Isikhathi Osichitha Ngaphandle
Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwemvelo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqhubekeni kwe-myopia. Ukukhuthaza izingane ukuthi zichithe okungenani amahora amabili ngosuku ngaphandle kungasiza ekulawuleni ukukhula kwamehlo futhi kunciphise ingozi ye-myopia.
2) Yamukela uMbusi we-20-20-20
Ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo ngenxa yokusebenza isikhathi eside eduze, sebenzisa umthetho we-20-20-20: njalo ngemizuzu engama-20, thatha ikhefu lemizuzwana engama-20 ukuze ugxile entweni eqhele ngamamitha angama-20. Lo mkhuba olula usiza ukukhulula i-ciliary.imisipha futhi kuvimbela ukuhlala ngokweqile.
3) Nciphisa Isikhathi Sesikrini
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamadivayisi edijithali, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokuqhubekela phambili kwe-myopia. Khuthaza imisebenzi ehlukile, njengemidlalo yangaphandle, izinto zokuzilibazisa, noma ukuhlola imvelo, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthembela emisebenzini egxile kakhulu.
4) Lungiselela Izimo Zokukhanyisa
Qinisekisa ukuthi yonke imisebenzi yokubona, okuhlanganisa ukufunda, ukubhala, kanye nokusebenzisa isikrini, yenziwa ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe kahle. Ukukhanya okufanele kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokubona okungadingekile futhi kukhuthaza impilo yamehlo engcono.
5) Hlela Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo Okuvamile
Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile okubanzi kubalulekile ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kanye nokungenelela ngesikhathi ekuphatheni i-myopia. Ukuhlolwa njalo kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abanomlando womndeni we-myopia, okuvumela izinyathelo ezifanele zokulungisa kanye nokuqapha inqubekela phambili.
6. I-Myopia Esikhathini Sedijithali
Ukwanda kwamadivayisi edijithali kulethe lula ezimpilweni zethu kodwa futhi kwaba nomthelela ekwandeni kwamacala e-myopia emhlabeni jikelele. Okwaziwa ngokuthi "ukucindezeleka kwamehlo edijithali" noma "i-computer vision syndrome," ukusebenzisa isikrini isikhathi eside kungenza izimpawu zokubona eduze zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Amasu Okunciphisa Ukucindezeleka Kwamehlo Kwedijithali
Ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa isikrini isikhathi eside futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhubeka kwe-myopia, kunconywa imikhuba elandelayo:
1) Lungiselela Ukukhanya Kwesikrini:Lungisa ukukhanya kwezikrini zedijithali ukuze kufane nokukhanya okuzungezile ekamelweni. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhanya futhi kuvimbele ukucindezeleka kwamehlo okubangelwa ukugqama ngokweqile.
2) Gcina Ibanga Elifanele Lokubuka:Qinisekisa ukuthi izikrini zibekwe ebangeni elifanele, ngokuvamile elizungeze ubude bengalo, ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kwamehlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikrini kufanele sibe ngaphansi kancane kwezinga lamehlo ukuze kukhuthazwe ukubona okungokwemvelo.
3) Zijwayeze Ukucwayiza Okuvamile:Ukucwayiza njalo kubalulekile ukugcina amehlo emanzi futhi kunciphise ukoma okuhambisana nokusebenzisa isikrini isikhathi eside. Zama ukucwayiza ngamabomu futhi njalo ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwefilimu yezinyembezi enempilo.
Ngokufaka lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela emisebenzini yansuku zonke, abantu banganciphisa kakhulu umthelela wokucindezeleka kwamehlo kwedijithali futhi basize ekuvikeleni amehlo abo emiphumeleni emibi yokuchayeka isikhathi eside esikrinini.
7. Isiphetho
I-Myopia iyinkinga ekhulayo emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa ngolwazi olufanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuqapha, ingaphathwa ngempumelelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, amalensi okulungisa, noma izinketho zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, ukugcina umbono onempilo kuyatholakala.
At I-Optical Efanele, asigcini nje ngokuba umhlinzeki welensi—singumlingani wakho ekunakekelweni kwamehlo. Xhumana nathi namuhla ukuze uhlole uhla lwethu lwezixazululo ze-myopia futhi uthathe isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola umbono ongcono kuwe nomndeni wakho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 18-2024