Njengoba amahora okukhanya akhula amade kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okunamandla kakhulu, uhamba emigwaqweni, akunzima ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abaningi bagqoke amalensi e-photochromic kunangaphambili. Izibuko zelanga ezinikezwa ngudokotela bezilokhu kuwumthombo wemali okhulayo embonini yezitolo zamehlo eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi amalensi e-photochromic ahlala eyinsada yokuthengisa ehlobo eqinile. Imakethe nokwamukelwa kwabathengi kwamalensi e-photochromic kusuka kusitayela sawo, ukuvikela ukukhanya, kanye nezidingo ezihlobene nokushayela.
Namuhla, abantu abaningi bayawazi umonakalo ongabangelwa imisebe ye-ultraviolet esikhumbeni. Izinto zokuzivikela elangeni, ama-parasol, amakepisi e-baseball, ngisho nesembozo sezingalo sikasilika weqhwa sekuyinto ebalulekile ekuphumeni kwasehlobo. Umonakalo owenziwe yimisebe ye-UV emehlweni ungase ungabonakali ngokushesha njengesikhumba esishukiwe, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuchayeka ngokweqile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Izifo zamehlo ezifana ne-cataract kanye nokuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene neminyaka kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kunezixhumanisi eziqondile noma ezingaqondile zokuchayeka kwe-UV. Njengamanje, abathengi baseShayina abanawo umqondo ohlangene wokuthi "ukugqoka izibuko zelanga" ngokusekelwe ezimeni zokukhanya kwelanga. Ngokuvamile, indawo yokukhanyisa yangaphandle isivele idinga ukuvikelwa kokukhanya, kodwa abathengi abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi "akudingekile" futhi bakhetha ukungazigqoki. Ngokumelene nalokhu kwangemuva, amalensi e-photochromic, anikeza kokubili ukulungiswa kokubona nokuvikela ukukhanya ngaphandle kwesidingo sokususwa njengezibuko zelanga ezivamile kuzilungiselelo ezihlukene, athola ukwamukelwa phakathi kwabantu abaningi.
Umgomo wokushintsha umbala kumalensi we-photochromic usekelwe "ku-photochromism." Ezilungiselelweni zangaphandle, lawa ma lens aba mnyama ukuze afane nezibuko zelanga futhi abuyele ekubeni acace futhi akhanye ngale endlini. Lesi sici sixhunyaniswa nento eyaziwa ngokuthi i-silver halide. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, abakhiqizi bamalensi bafaka isisekelo noma ungqimba lwefilimu lwamalensi ngamakristalu esiliva e-halide. Lapho ichayeke ekukhanyeni okunamandla, i-halide eyisiliva iyabola ibe ama-ion esiliva nama-halide ion, amunca iningi lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet nokunye ukukhanya okubonakalayo. Lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kufiphala, ama-ion ayisiliva nama-halide ion aphinde ahlangane abe i-halide esiliva ngaphansi kwesenzo sokunciphisa i-copper oxide, okubangela ukuthi umbala welensi ukhanye uze ucace futhi ukhanye futhi.
Ukushintsha kombala kumalensi e-photochromic kuwumphumela wochungechunge lokusabela kwamakhemikhali okubuyiseleka emuva, ukukhanya (okuhlanganisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo kanye ne-ultraviolet) kudlala indima ebalulekile kulokhu kusabela. Ngokwemvelo, ukuphumelela kwenqubo yokushintsha umbala kuthonywa izinkathi zonyaka nezimo zezulu, ngakho-ke ayigcini njalo umphumela ongaguquki futhi ozinzile.
Ngokuvamile, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ukuqina kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet kunamandla, okuholela ekuphenduleni okukhulu kwe-photochromic, futhi ama-lens abe mnyama kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, ezinsukwini eziguqubele, lapho imisebe ye-UV nokukhanya kokukhanya kuba buthaka, amalensi abonakala elula. Ukwengeza, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, umbala wamalensi e-photochromic uyakhanya kancane kancane. Ngokuphambene, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla, ama-lens kancane kancane aba mnyama. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, ama-ion esiliva nama-halide ion, ayebolile ngaphambili, ancishiswa abuyele ku-halide esiliva ngaphansi kwamandla aphezulu, akhanyise umbala wamalensi.
Ngokuphathelene namalensi e-photochromic, kukhona neminye imibuzo evamile kanye namaphuzu olwazi:
Ingabe amalensi e-photochromic anokudlulisa ukukhanya/ukucaca okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namalensi avamile?
Amalensi e-photochromic ekhwalithi ephezulu awanambala nhlobo uma engasebenzi futhi awanakho ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuphansi kunamalensi avamile.
Kungani amalensi e-photochromic engashintshi umbala?
Ukuntuleka kokushintsha kombala kumalensi e-photochromic kuhlobene nezici ezimbili: izimo zokukhanyisa kanye ne-ejenti ye-photochromic (i-silver halide). Uma zingashintshi umbala ngisho nasekukhanyeni okunamandla nemisebe ye-UV, kungenzeka ukuthi i-ejenti ye-photochromic yonakalisiwe.
Ingabe umphumela wokushintsha umbala wamalensi e-photochromic uzoba mubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Njenganoma yimaphi amalensi avamile, amalensi e-photochromic nawo anesikhathi sokuphila. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ngokuvamile zihlala eminyakeni engama-2-3.
Kungani amalensi e-photochromic eba mnyama unomphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Uma amalensi e-photochromic eba mnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi engakwazi ukubuyela ekukhanyeni ngokuphelele, yingoba i-ejenti yawo ye-photochromic ayikwazi ukubuyela esimweni sayo sangempela ngemva kokushintsha umbala, okuholela ku-tint eyinsalela. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kumalensi ekhwalithi ephansi, kuyilapho amalensi e-photochromic ekhwalithi enhle ngeke abe nale nkinga.
Kungani amalensi ampunga evame kakhulu emakethe?
Amalensi ampunga angamunca i-infrared kanye nama-98% emisebe ye-UV. Inzuzo enkulu yamalensi ampunga ukuthi awashintshi imibala yasekuqaleni yezinto, enciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhanya kokukhanya. Zimunca ukukhanya ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke ama-spectrum, ngakho izinto zibonakala zimnyama kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela okuphawulekayo kombala, zinikeza umbono weqiniso nowemvelo. Ukwengeza, grey umbala ongathathi hlangothi, ofanele wonke umuntu, okwenza udume kakhulu emakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-11-2024