Njengoba amahora okukhanya kwelanga eqhubeka eba made futhi ilanga likhanya kakhulu, uhamba emigwaqweni, akunzima ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abaningi bagqoka amalensi e-photochromic kunangaphambili. Izibuko zelanga ezinikezwa ngodokotela bezilokhu ziwumthombo wemali engenayo okhulayo embonini yokuthengisa izibuko eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi amalensi e-photochromic asalokhu eyindathane yokuthengiswa kwehlobo. Imakethe kanye nokwamukelwa kwabathengi kwamalensi e-photochromic kuvela esitayeleni sawo, ukuvikelwa kokukhanya, kanye nezidingo ezihlobene nokushayela.
Namuhla, abantu abaningi bayazi ngomonakalo ongase ubangelwe imisebe ye-ultraviolet esikhumbeni. I-sunscreen, ama-parasol, ama-baseball cap, ngisho nezembozo zengalo ze-ice silk sekuyizinto ezibalulekile ekuphumeni ehlobo. Umonakalo owenziwa imisebe ye-UV emehlweni ungase ungabonakali ngokushesha njengesikhumba esishisiwe, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvezwa ngokweqile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Izifo zamehlo ezifana ne-cataracts kanye nokuguga kwe-macular degeneration kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kunezixhumanisi eziqondile noma ezingaqondile nokuvezwa yi-UV. Njengamanje, abathengi baseShayina abanawo umqondo ohlangene wokuthi "kufanele bagqoke nini izibuko zelanga" ngokusekelwe ezimweni zokukhanya kwelanga. Ngokuvamile, indawo yokukhanya yangaphandle isivele idinga ukuvikelwa kokukhanya, kodwa abathengi abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi "akudingeki" futhi bakhetha ukungazigqoki. Ngokuphikisana nalokhu, amalensi e-photochromic, ahlinzeka kokubili ukulungiswa kokubona kanye nokuvikelwa kokukhanya ngaphandle kwesidingo sokususwa njengezibuko zelanga ezivamile ezindaweni ezahlukene, ayamukelwa phakathi kwabantu abaningi.
Isimiso sokushintsha kombala kumalensi e-photochromic sisekelwe ku-"photochromism." Ezindaweni zangaphandle, la malensi amnyama ukuze afane nezibuko zelanga futhi abuyele ekubeni acacile futhi abonakale ngaphakathi. Lesi sici sihlotshaniswa nento eyaziwa ngokuthi i-silver halide. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, abakhiqizi bamalensi bafaka ungqimba lwesisekelo noma lwefilimu lwamalensi ngama-microcrystals e-silver halide. Uma evezwa ekukhanyeni okunamandla, i-silver halide iyabola ibe ama-ion esiliva nama-ion e-halide, imunce iningi lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kanye nokukhanya okubonakalayo. Lapho ukukhanya endaweni kufiphala, ama-ion esiliva nama-ion e-halide ahlangana kabusha abe yi-silver halide ngaphansi kwesenzo sokunciphisa i-copper oxide, okwenza umbala welensi ukhanye kuze kube yilapho uphinda ucwebe futhi ubonakale.
Ukushintsha kombala kumalensi e-photochromic kuwumphumela wochungechunge lwezimpendulo zamakhemikhali eziguqukayo, lapho ukukhanya (kufaka phakathi ukukhanya okubonakalayo nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet) kudlala indima ebalulekile kulezi zimpendulo. Ngokwemvelo, ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokushintsha umbala kuthonywa yizinkathi zonyaka kanye nezimo zezulu, ngakho-ke akuhlali kugcina umphumela oqhubekayo nozinzile.
Ngokuvamile, esimweni sezulu esinelanga, ukuqina kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet kunamandla kakhulu, okuholela ekusabeleni okunamandla kakhulu kwe-photochromic, kanti amalensi amnyama kakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinsukwini ezinamafu, lapho imisebe ye-UV kanye nokukhanya kubuthakathaka, amalensi abonakala ekhanya kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, umbala wamalensi e-photochromic ukhanya kancane kancane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla, amalensi amnyama kancane kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ama-ion esiliva nama-ion e-halide, ayebolile ngaphambilini, ancishiswa abe yi-silver halide ngaphansi kwamandla aphezulu, okwenza umbala wamalensi ukhanye.
Ngokuphathelene namalensi e-photochromic, kukhona nemibuzo evamile kanye namaphuzu olwazi:
Ingabe amalensi e-photochromic anokudlulisa/ukucaca okuncane kokukhanya uma kuqhathaniswa namalensi avamile?
Amalensi e-photochromic asezingeni eliphezulu awanombala nhlobo uma engasebenzi futhi awanakho ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuphansi kunamalensi avamile.
Kungani amalensi e-photochromic engashintshi umbala?
Ukuntuleka kokushintsha kombala kumalensi e-photochromic kuhlobene nezici ezimbili: izimo zokukhanya kanye ne-photochromic agent (i-silver halide). Uma zingashintshi umbala ngisho nasekukhanyeni okunamandla kanye nemisebe ye-UV, kungenzeka ukuthi i-photochromic agent yonakele.
Ingabe umphumela wokushintsha umbala wamalensi e-photochromic uzowohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Njenganoma yimaphi amalensi avamile, amalensi e-photochromic nawo ahlala isikhathi eside. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ngokuvamile ahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-2-3.
Kungani amalensi e-photochromic eba mnyama unomphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Uma amalensi e-photochromic eba mnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi engakwazi ukubuyela ngokuphelele ekukhanyeni, kungenxa yokuthi i-ejenti yawo ye-photochromic ayikwazi ukubuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala ngemva kokushintsha umbala, okuholela ekutheni umbala usale. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kumalensi asezingeni eliphansi, kuyilapho amalensi e-photochromic asezingeni elihle ngeke abe nale nkinga.
Kungani amalensi ampunga evame kakhulu emakethe?
Amalensi ampunga angamunca i-infrared kanye nama-98% emisebe ye-UV. Inzuzo enkulu yamalensi ampunga ukuthi awashintshi imibala yokuqala yezinto, okunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuqina kokukhanya. Amunca ukukhanya ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo, ngakho izinto zibonakala zimnyama kodwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu kombala, okunikeza umbono weqiniso nowemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umpunga umbala ongathathi hlangothi, ofanele wonke umuntu, okwenza uthandwe kakhulu emakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-11-2024